"During static incubation, tomato juice diluted with water separated into a solid sediment layer and an upper aqueous solution layer in the container, and Euglena proliferated actively near the boundary of these layers. This revealed that the nutrient composition of tomato juice itself is suitable for Euglena growth. These findings suggest that tomato juice is more suitable for the growth of Euglena than other beverages.įurthermore, on culturing Euglena under aerobic conditions using tomato juice diluted with water (in a ratio of 3:7, 4:6, or 5:5) and without essential vitamins, it grew to approximately 100 times of its initial cell density to 10 6 cells/mL under all dilution conditions. On the other hand, in the non-tomato juice, the number of chloroplasts was low, and the green color was lighter. The bright green chloroplasts in Euglena cultured in tomato juice were observed to be tightly packed inside the cells. This also resulted in a change in the appearance of the culture medium from red to green after incubation. Interestingly, the researchers found that the cell density of Euglena cells reached a maximum when cultured in tomato juice, especially under light conditions, and increased to 10 7 cells/mL, the same level as in KH medium. The cells were cultured under 'light' (26 ☌, white light irradiation) or 'dark' (23 ☌, no light irradiation) conditions. Next, they incubated Euglena with initial cell density of 1.6 x 10 4 cells/mL in 13 different beverages, including diluted grape juice (with juice-to-water ratio of 3:7 or 7:3), pineapple juice, apple juice, sweet wine, diluted carrot juice (with juice-to-water ratio of 3:7 or 7:3), tomato juice, orange juice, grapefruit juice, prune juice, coconut water, and maple water, and culture medium supplemented with essential vitamins B 1 and B 12 under aerobic conditions. The cell density increased to 10 6 cells/mL and 10 7 cells/mL, respectively. For this, they used either Cramers–Myers (CM) medium, an independent nutrient medium, or KH medium, a heterotrophic medium. The researchers first cultured Euglena with initial cell density of 4.2 x 10 3 cells/mL statically under aerobic conditions for about 10 days. gracilis can grow even when foods such as seaweed, dried sardines, and boiled rice are used as a source of essential vitamins." Yamashita explains, "We had previously confirmed that E. Yamashita during his doctoral course in 2017. Interestingly, this study is a part of follow-up research for which a patent was filed by Dr. The study was led by Assistant Professor Kyohei Yamashita from Tokyo University of Science (TUS) and co-authored by Dr. This paper was published in Sustainable Food Technology. As explained in their latest paper, the team examined several beverages to find a suitable growing medium for Euglena. The energy required for these processes accounts for about 30% of the total production cost, and other costs such as cultivation land and transportation costs are also incurred in the production of Euglena as a food ingredient.Īimed at improving the efficiency of existing production processes, a team of researchers from Japan conducted experiments to find a promising method to grow Euglena in large quantities. Moreover, after the microalgae has reproduced to high densities in large pools, it must be extracted, washed, concentrated, and dried to foods or nutritional supplements. Conventionally, the Koren–Hutner (KH) medium, a higher yielding heterotrophic medium, is used for its culture.īut it requires measuring and mixing 26 different chemicals. However, the existing methods for food-grade manufacturing of Euglena are quite complicated.Ĭurrently, Euglena can be propagated using both autotrophic as well as heterotrophic culture mediums. Paramylon may also be effective in reducing atopic dermatitis, influenza, and arthritis symptoms, as well as in preventing colon cancer. In addition, Euglena also contains a high percentage of a special type of beta-1,3-glucan called paramylon, known for its immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective effects. Therefore, it is expected to be one of the solutions to the shortage of animal protein due to the effects of climate change and population growth, as well as one of the production technologies for space exploration, which is flourishing these days. Moreover, Euglena protein is rich in methionine, a characteristic of animal protein, and its nutritional value is comparable to casein found in milk.
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